Table 3 Clinical and imaging data in both group of patients, with and without LGE at pre-operative CMR

Age, years

74.0 (36.0–80.0)

73.0 (47.0–84.0)

0.689

Male

11 (36.6%)

16 (53.3%)

0.194

Hypertension

23 (76.6%)

25 (83.3%)

0.519

Diabetes

5 (16.6%)

12 (40.0%)

0.045

Atrial fibrillation

3 (10.0%)

4 (13.3%)

0.999

Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min

72.09 ± 30.71

70.84 ± 20.99

0.854

Nt-proBNP, pg/mL

695.0 (41.0–22664.0)

583.0 (102.0–7493.0)

0.395

Troponin I, ng/L

11.0 (0.0-115.0)

12.5 (6.0–42.0)

0.859

Echocardiography

    Aortic valve area, cm²

0.64 ± 0.17

0.67 ± 0.19

0.390

    Mean aortic gradient, mmHg

64.71 ± 19.37

65.72 ± 21.29

0.857

    Maximum septal thickness, mm

15.90 (10.70–23.00)

15.86 (12.00–22.34)

0.120

    LVEF, %

57.43 ± 6.61

56.60 ± 9.84

0.740

    GLS, %

–15.16 ± 3.44

–13.94 ± 4.07

0.233

    Basal septum longitudinal strain, %

–12.4 ± 6.4

–9.9 ± 6.7

0.141

Integrated backscatter

    PLAX cIBS, dB

–17.75 (–31.2–10.95)

–14.45 (–27.8– − 2.05)

0.290

    AP3C cIBS, dB

–11.28 ± 7.91

–8.13 ± 9.72

0.189

    AP3C, strain derived IBS, dB

110.55 ± 21.22

117.43 ± 23.83

0.241

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance

    LV indexed mass, g/m²

74.17 ± 24.97

82.49 ± 23.47

0.316

    LVEDV, mL

148.53 ± 35.09

149.30 ± 40.60

0.938

    Geometric remodeling, g/mL

0.88 ± 0.20

0.97 ± 0.23

0.121

    LVEF, %

50.03 ± 7.04

59.50 ± 11.06

0.800

    Delayed enhancement, g

NA

6.78 (0.00–33.90)

< 0.001

    Delayed enhancement, % of mass

NA

6.00 (0.00–21.00)

< 0.001

    Global native T1, ms

1057.5 (991.0–1179.0)

1047.0 (947.0–1099.0)

0.549

    Basal anteroseptal native T1, ms

1066 (1016–1372)

1071 (965–1329)

0.387

    Global ECV, %

25.0 (15.0–40.0)

23.0 (16.0–54.0)

0.172

    Basal anteroseptal ECV, %

22.45 (13.10–44.20)

21.25 (14.20–32.40)

0.207

Histopathology at EMB

    Fibrosis, % (CVF)

9.60 (3.30–51.20)

10.20 (2.10–79.90)

0.796